Vietnam's First National Defense White Paper In The Past Decade Reflects The Latest National Defense Ideas
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Vietnam's first national defense white paper in the past decade reflects the latest national defense ideas
According to the US media reported on Nov. 27 by reference news network, on Nov. 25, Vietnam released its 2019 national defense white paper, the first such document in ten years. Although the white paper is only one of several reference documents about Vietnam's military and national defense policies, it still highlights some ideas of Hanoi in the important period of its foreign and security policy evolution.
In the past decade or so, the Vietnamese people's army has become one of the most powerful forces in Southeast Asia despite challenges and restrictions, according to the website of American diplomats on November 26. Vietnam's military spending accounts for about 2% of GDP and is still one of the largest arms importers in the world. In particular, in the past few years, Hanoi has increased its investment in strengthening its maritime and air capabilities and established a diversified defense relationship in the face of various challenges.
According to the report, the release of the defense white paper can help the outside world to understand the evolution of Vietnam's defense policy from time to time. Vietnam released its first defense white paper in 1998, followed by updated versions in 2004 and 2009. These documents provide important clues about the continuity and degree of change of Hanoi's defense policy, whether in terms of defense expenditure or organizational structure as a whole, or in terms of details such as new legal amendments or policy adjustments.
According to the report, the release of the latest version of the national defense white paper is by no means meaningless. In a broad sense, in addition to highlighting Vietnam's desire to continue to work to enhance transparency in the field of defense, as the first such document released in the past decade, it also provides Vietnam with the latest defense ideas to respond to changes in the regional security environment and adjust its role in it, including the development of the international defense alliance and the regional security architecture. 2020 will be an important year for Vietnam's foreign policy. Hanoi will serve as the rotating president of ASEAN and a non permanent member of the UN Security Council.
More specifically, the white paper also refers to some defense trends and developments that Hanoi attaches great importance to. The structure of the document is roughly divided into three parts: the strategic background; the general framework of national defense policy; and the development of the people's army of Vietnam. It also refers to areas where Vietnam's national defense policy will maintain continuity - such as the emphasis on self-defense and the relationship between the party, the state, the army and the people - as well as areas where changes have taken place, including the form of international engagement of the Vietnamese army and certain policies.
Nguyen Chih Yong, Deputy Minister of national defense of Vietnam, made a speech at the launch ceremony and talked about several noteworthy aspects. According to the official website of Vietnam's Ministry of defense, he pointed out that the white paper confirmed the basic principles of Vietnam's defense policy, including mutual respect for independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, and insisted on the traditional "three no" policy (i.e. no military alliance, no foreign bases in Vietnam, no one against other countries).
In addition to the defense white paper itself, its release also revealed other relevant progress, highlighting some aspects of Vietnam's defense policy and broader regional dynamics. For example, other Vietnamese representatives attending the ceremony mentioned some international exchange activities of Vietnam in 2020, including serving as the rotating chairman of ASEAN and non permanent member of the United Nations, and hosting the second ASEAN naval multilateral exercise (the first was hosted by Thailand in 2017).