Main parameters of Zener diode

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Main parameters of Zener diode

1. UZ - stable voltage

It refers to the stable voltage value generated at both ends when the regulator passes through the rated current. The value changes slightly with the working current and temperature. Due to the difference of manufacturing process, the pressure stabilizing value of the same type of pressure stabilizing tube is not exactly the same. For example, the vzmin and vzmax of 2cw51 type regulators are 3.0V and 3.6V respectively.

2. Iz - rated current

It refers to the current value passing through the regulator when it generates a stable voltage. When it is lower than this value, although the regulator is not unable to stabilize the voltage, the stabilizing effect will become worse; when it is higher than this value, as long as it does not exceed the rated power loss, it is also allowed, and the stabilizing performance will be better, but more electric energy will be consumed.

3. RZ - dynamic resistance

It refers to the ratio of voltage change and current change at both ends of the regulator. The ratio varies with the working current. Generally, the larger the working current is, the smaller the dynamic resistance is. For example, when the working current of 2cw7c regulator is 5mA, RZ is 18 Ω; when the working current is 1oma, RZ is 8 Ω; when it is 20mA, RZ is 2 Ω; when it is > 20mA, this value is basically maintained.

4. PZ - rated power consumption

The value is determined by the allowable temperature rise of the chip, which is the product of the stable voltage VZ and the allowable maximum current Izm. For example, if the VZ of 2cw51 regulator is 3V and Izm is 20mA, then the PZ of the regulator is 60mwo

5. α - temperature coefficient

If the temperature of the regulator changes, its stable voltage will also change slightly. The relative change of the voltage at both ends of the tube caused by the temperature change of 1 ℃ is the temperature coefficient (unit:% / ℃). Generally speaking, zener breakdown occurs when the voltage stabilizing value is lower than 6V, and the temperature coefficient is negative; avalanche breakdown occurs when the voltage stabilizing value is higher than 6V, and the temperature coefficient is positive. When the temperature increases, the depletion layer decreases. In the depletion layer, the valence electron of the atom rises to a higher energy. A smaller electric field strength can excite the valence electron from the atom to generate zener breakdown, so its temperature coefficient is negative. Avalanche breakdown occurs when the electric field intensity of the depletion layer is lower than that of the wide one, and the vibration amplitude of lattice atoms increases with the increase of temperature, which hinders the motion of carriers. In this case, avalanche breakdown can only occur when the reverse voltage is increased, so the voltage temperature coefficient of avalanche breakdown is positive. This is why the stabilized pressure value of the stabilized pressure tube with the stabilized pressure value of 15V increases with the temperature, while that of the stabilized pressure tube with the stabilized pressure value of 5V decreases with the temperature. For example, the temperature coefficient of 2cw58 regulator is + 0.07% / ° C, that is to say, when the temperature is increased by 1 ° C, the regulator value will increase by 0.07%.

In the case of high demand for power supply, two regulators with opposite temperature coefficient can be used in series as compensation. Due to mutual compensation, the temperature coefficient is greatly reduced, which can reach 0.0005% / ℃.

6. IR - reverse leakage current

Refers to the leakage current generated by the regulated diode under the specified reverse voltage. For example, when VR = 1V, IR = o.1ua; when VR = 6V, IR = 10uA.