Working mechanism of charger

Working mechanism of charger

Speaking of this lithium-ion battery, let's briefly introduce it. The so-called lithium-ion battery is a battery that uses a carbon material capable of occluding and removing lithium ions as a negative electrode active material. The lithium ion symbol is Li-ion. As we all know, as a battery is generally composed of basic elements such as a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte, the materials used in the lithium ion battery are generally the following:

Positive electrode: lithium cobaltate (LiCoO2), lithium nickelate (LiNiO2) lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ), etc.;

Negative electrode: artificial graphite series, natural graphite series, coke series, etc.;

Separator: single or multi-layer microporous film composed of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), etc.;

Electrolyte: propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), etc. a mixture of yuan or ternary

Most of the lithium ion batteries sold on the market are lithium cobalt oxide as a positive electrode and graphite series as a negative electrode.

The working mechanism of the lithium ion battery is: when the battery is charged, the lithium in the positive electrode material is ion-dissolved and embedded in the negative electrode modified graphite layer; when the battery is discharged, lithium ions are deintercalated from the graphite layer and backfilled through the separator to the positive electrode. In the layered structure of cobalt oxide. With the charge and discharge, lithium ions are continuously inserted and removed from the positive and negative electrodes, so some people call it a "rocking chair battery". The lithium-ion battery cell has a rated voltage of 3.6V, a charge limit voltage of 4.2V, and a discharge limit voltage of 2.5V.

The charging process of lithium-ion battery is divided into two steps: first, constant current charging, its current is constant, and the voltage is continuously increased. When the voltage is charged to 4.2V, it is automatically converted to constant voltage charging, and the voltage is constant during constant voltage charging. It is getting smaller and smaller until the charging current is less than the preset value. Therefore, when someone uses the direct charge to charge the battery of the mobile phone, it is clear that the power display is full, but the display is still charging. In fact, the voltage has reached this time. 4.2V, so the power is displayed as full, then it is in the process of constant voltage charging, then some people may ask, why should we carry out constant voltage charging, directly charging with constant current to 4.2V is not enough, in fact, it is easy to explain Because each battery has a certain internal resistance, when charging with constant current to 4.2V, this 4.2V is not the actual voltage of the battery, but the voltage of the battery plus the voltage consumed by the internal resistance of the battery. And, if the current is large, the voltage consumed on the internal resistance is also large, so the actual battery voltage may be much smaller than 4.2V, so use constant voltage. Electrical process, the charging current gradually down, so that the actual voltage of the battery is very close 4.2V.

SChitec is a manufacturer which specialized in the production of USB chargers and usb cables. All products are safe and reliable, with unique styles.products pass certificates like CE,FCC,ROHS,UL,PSE,C-Tick,etc,  If you are interested in, you can contact ceo@schitec.com directly.

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