The structure of optical cable is developed with the development of the optical network and the requirement of the use environment.

The structure of optical cable is developed with the development of the optical network and the requirement of the use environment. The new generation of all-optical networks requires optical cable to provide wider bandwidth, accommodate more wavelength, transmit higher rate, be easy to install and maintain, have a longer service life, and so on. The appearance of new fiber optic cable materials, and promote the improvement of the fiber optic cable structure, such as the use of dry water blocking materials, nanomaterials, and flame retardant materials, so that the fiber optic cable performance has improved significantly. In recent years, the emergence of ecological fiber optic cable, nanotechnology fiber optic cable, micro fiber optic cable, and other emerging fiber optic cables.

Ecological optical cable: mainly from the perspective of environmental protection, to solve the problem of optical cable containing environmental protection materials, such as PVC burning will release toxic gas, optical cable stabilizer containing lead. This kind of cable is mainly used indoors, in buildings, and in homes. Companies are already producing new materials such as halogen-free flame retardant plastics for such cables.

Nanotechnology optical cable: The use of nanomaterials (such as nanofiber coating, nanofiber oil paste, nano jacket polyethylene, fiber jacket nano PBT) optical cable, the use of nanomaterials have many excellent properties, such as improving the resistance to mechanical impact of the cable.

Micro-optical cable: micro-optical cable mainly cooperates with the use of air pressure or water pressure installation construction system, a variety of micro-optical cable structure has been in design and used, requires a certain coefficient between the cable and the pipeline, and the cable weight to be accurate and have a certain hardness. To meet the needs of the future access network, especially the integrated wiring system in the user's resident network and the intelligent pipeline wiring in the intelligent building.

To sum up, with the development of higher technologies in optical networks, optical cables continue to improve in terms of structure, new materials, and performance, to meet the diverse needs of future communications, such as the massive data bearing and massive connection requirements in the 5G era.